Type Casting in Python

What is Type Casting

Type Casting ka matlab hai ek data type ko doosre data type mein convert karna. Python programming me calculations aur user inputs handling ke liye different data types me values transform ki jaati hain.

x = "100"
x = int(x)
print(x, type(x))

Common Type Casting Functions

• int() — Converts value to Integer
• float() — Converts value to Floating-point number
• str() — Converts value to String
• bool() — Converts value to Boolean (True/False)
• list() — Converts iterable to List
• tuple() — Converts iterable to Tuple
• set() — Converts iterable to Set

Integer Casting: int()

int() kisi value ko Integer (whole number) mein convert karta hai.

Syntax: int(value)

Example 1: Int to Float Conversion & Printing

age = 22
print(age)
print(type(age))

age = float(age)
print(age)
print(type(age))

Example 2: Float to Integer

price = 99.99
print(price)

price = int(price)
print(price)
print(type(price))

Float Casting: float()

float() kisi value ko Floating Point Number (decimal number) mein convert karta hai.

Syntax: float(value)

Example 1: Integer to Float

num = 105
num = float(num)
print(num)
print(type(num))

Example 2: Float to String Conversion

price = 99.99
price = str(price)
print(price)
print(type(price))

Example 3: Direct Float Evaluation

x = 50
print(float(x))

String Casting: str()

str() kisi value ko String (text format) mein convert karta hai.

Syntax: str(value)

Example 1: Integer to String

age = 25
age = str(age)

print(age)
print(type(age))

Example 2: Float to Boolean Evaluation

price = 99.99
price = bool(price)

print(price)
print(type(price))

Example 3: Real-life Concatenation Use

age = 25
print("My age is " + str(age))

Boolean Casting: bool()

bool() kisi value ko Boolean value mein convert karta hai. Boolean ke sirf 2 values hoti hain: True aur False.

Syntax: bool(value)

String to Boolean

name = "gagan"
print(name)
print(bool(name))

Zero vs Non-Zero Boolean Values

x = 0
print(bool(x))

Collection Casting: list(), tuple(), set()

Iterables (strings, tuples, sets, lists) ko doosre collection types me convert karne ke functions:

1. list() Function

list() kisi iterable ko List mein convert karta hai. List square brackets [] use karti hai, multiple values store karti hai aur mutable hoti hai.

name = "Gagan"
result_str = list(name)
print(result_str)

numbers_tuple = (10, 20, 30)
result_tup = list(numbers_tuple)
print(result_tup)

numbers_set = {10, 20, 30}
result_set = list(numbers_set)
print(result_set)

2. tuple() Function

tuple() kisi iterable ko Tuple mein convert karta hai. Tuple round brackets () use karta hai, ordered aur immutable hota hai.

numbers_list = [10, 20, 30]
result_list = tuple(numbers_list)
print(result_list)

name = "Gagan"
result_str = tuple(name)
print(result_str)

numbers_set = {10, 20, 30}
result_set = tuple(numbers_set)
print(result_set)

3. set() Function

set() kisi iterable ko Set mein convert karta hai. Set duplicate values ko automatically remove kar deta hai.

numbers = [10, 20, 20, 30, 30, 30]
result = set(numbers)
print(result)

banana_name = "banana"
result_banana = set(banana_name)
print(result_banana)

User Input + Type Casting

Python me input() function hamesha String data type return karta hai. Mathematical operations ke liye numerical conversion essential hota hai.

age = input("Enter your age: ")
print(type(age))

Integer Input Conversion

age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
print(age)
print(type(age))

Addition of Two User Inputs

num1 = int(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = int(input("Enter second number: "))

result = num1 + num2
print("Result:", result)

Quick Revision & Summary

Quick lookup guide for type casting functions and string conversions:

Quick Conversion Examples

x = "100"

print(int(x))
print(float(x))
print(str(x))
print(bool(x))
print(list(x))
print(tuple(x))
print(set(x))