Unit 2: Rules 21–40 (Articles, Determiners & Prepositions)
Rule 21: Possessive pronouns
English Rule: Mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs do not take apostrophes.
Hinglish: Possessive pronouns me apostrophe nahi.
Example: This book is mine.
Rule 22: Its / It's
English Rule: Its = possession; it's = it is/it has.
Hinglish: Its uska; it's = it is/has.
Example: The dog wagged its tail. It's raining.
Rule 23: A/An by sound
English Rule: Use 'a' before consonant sound and 'an' before vowel sound.
Hinglish: Letter nahi, sound dekho.
Example: a university; an hour.
Rule 24: The
English Rule: 'The' is used for specific/identified nouns and many unique references.
Hinglish: Specific cheez ke liye 'the'.
Example: I saw a dog. The dog was black.
Rule 25: Profession article
English Rule: Singular countable profession nouns generally need a/an.
Hinglish: Profession ke singular noun se pehle article.
Example: He is an engineer.
Rule 26: Plural general nouns
English Rule: Plural nouns used generally may appear without an article.
Hinglish: General plural ke saath article zaroori nahi.
Example: Books are useful.
Rule 27: Uncountable nouns
English Rule: Advice, information, furniture, luggage etc. normally do not take a/an.
Hinglish: Inko uncountable treat karo.
Example: some information, not 'an information'.
Rule 28: Few / A few
English Rule: Few = almost none; a few = some.
Hinglish: Few negative sense; a few positive limited sense.
Example: I have a few friends.
Rule 29: Little / A little
English Rule: Little = almost none; a little = some amount.
Hinglish: Little negative; a little positive.
Example: There is a little water.
Rule 30: Fewer / Less
English Rule: Fewer for countable nouns; less for uncountable quantities.
Hinglish: Fewer books; less water.
Example: Fewer students, less money.
Rule 31: Much / Many
English Rule: Much with uncountable; many with plural countable.
Hinglish: Much water; many books.
Example: Do not say 'many water'.
Rule 32: Some / Any
English Rule: Some is common in affirmative; any in negatives/questions, with exceptions.
Hinglish: Some positive; any negative/question.
Example: I have some money. I don't have any.
Rule 33: Since / For
English Rule: Since marks starting point; for marks duration.
Hinglish: Since = kab se; for = kitne time se.
Example: since Monday; for two days.
Rule 34: Between / Among
English Rule: Between is common for two/distinct items; among for a group.
Hinglish: Between = pair/different entities; among = group.
Example: between Ram and Shyam; among friends.
Rule 35: Beside / Besides
English Rule: Beside = next to; besides = in addition.
Hinglish: Beside = paas; besides = additionally.
Example: Sit beside me. Besides English, he knows Hindi.
Rule 36: Much vs Very
English Rule: Very commonly modifies adjectives/adverbs; much commonly modifies comparatives.
Hinglish: Very tall; much better.
Example: Not 'much beautiful' in standard exam usage.
Rule 37: Prefer
English Rule: Prefer X to Y.
Hinglish: Prefer ke saath 'to'.
Example: I prefer tea to coffee.
Rule 38: Senior/Junior/Superior/Inferior
English Rule: These generally take 'to', not 'than'.
Hinglish: Senior ke baad 'to'.
Example: He is senior to me.
Rule 39: Different from
English Rule: Formal exam usage generally prefers 'different from'.
Hinglish: Different ke saath 'from'.
Example: This is different from that.
Rule 40: Good at
English Rule: Good + at for skill.
Hinglish: Skill ke liye 'good at'.
Example: She is good at maths.
Do not say "good in English." It is "good at English."