Unit 1: Rules 1–20 (Agreement & Pronouns)
Rule 1: Subject–Verb Agreement
English Rule: Singular subject takes singular verb; plural subject takes plural verb.
Hinglish: Singular subject ke saath singular verb, plural ke saath plural verb.
Example: The boy plays. / The boys play.
Identify this pattern before selecting the option.
Rule 2: Each/Every
English Rule: Each and every normally take singular nouns and singular verbs.
Hinglish: Each/every ke baad generally singular noun + singular verb.
Example: Each student has a book.
Rule 3: Along with / As well as
English Rule: These phrases do not change the number of the main subject.
Hinglish: As well as / along with ke baad wala noun verb ko control nahi karta.
Example: The teacher, along with students, is here.
Rule 4: Either...or / Neither...nor
English Rule: Verb generally agrees with the nearer subject.
Hinglish: Nearest subject ka number dekho.
Example: Neither the teacher nor the students are ready.
Rule 5: One of + plural noun
English Rule: One of is followed by a plural noun, but the verb is singular.
Hinglish: One of ke baad plural noun; main subject 'one' hai.
Example: One of my friends is here.
Rule 6: A number of / The number of
English Rule: A number of takes plural verb; the number of takes singular verb.
Hinglish: A number of = many; the number = count.
Example: A number of students are absent. The number is high.
Rule 7: Collective nouns
English Rule: A collective noun can take singular verb when the group acts as one unit.
Hinglish: Team/group ek unit ho to singular.
Example: The team is winning.
Rule 8 & 9: News/Mathematics vs Scissors/Trousers
Rule 8: Some -s nouns are singular in meaning. News, mathematics, physics often singular hote hain.
Rule 9: Paired nouns are plural; a pair of is singular. Scissors/trousers plural; a pair singular.
The news is shocking. | The scissors are sharp. A pair is here.
Rule 10: There is/are
English Rule: Verb agrees with the real subject following the construction.
Hinglish: There ke baad actual subject dekho.
Example: There are two books.
Rule 11: Indefinite pronouns
English Rule: Everyone, someone, anybody, nobody, each, either, neither are generally singular.
Hinglish: Inke saath singular verb.
Example: Everyone has a duty.
Rule 12: Many a
English Rule: Many a + singular noun + singular verb.
Hinglish: Many a ke baad singular form.
Example: Many a student has tried.
Rule 13: More than one
English Rule: More than one + singular noun generally takes singular verb.
Hinglish: Meaning plural lag sakta hai, pattern singular hai.
Example: More than one student has failed.
Rule 14: Percentages
English Rule: Verb depends on the noun after 'of'.
Hinglish: Of ke baad noun countable/uncountable dekho.
Example: 50% of the work is done; 50% of students are ready.
Rule 15: Time / Distance / Money
English Rule: When treated as one unit, time/distance/money usually take singular verb.
Hinglish: Ek quantity/unit ho to singular.
Example: Ten kilometres is a long distance.
Rule 16: The + adjective
English Rule: The rich/poor/elderly can refer to a group and usually take plural verb.
Hinglish: The + adjective group ko show kar sakta hai.
Example: The rich are not always happy.
Rule 17: Pronoun case
English Rule: Use subject pronouns as subjects and object pronouns after verbs/prepositions.
Hinglish: I/he/she/we/they subject; me/him/her/us/them object.
Example: Ravi and I went. He called me.
Rule 18: Between you and me
English Rule: After a preposition use object form.
Hinglish: Preposition ke baad object pronoun.
Example: Between you and me.
Rule 19: Who vs Whom
English Rule: Who is subject; whom is object in formal usage.
Hinglish: Who kaam karta hai; whom par action hota hai.
Example: Who called? Whom did you call?
Rule 20: Reflexive pronouns
English Rule: Myself, himself etc. are used reflexively or for emphasis.
Hinglish: Myself ko normal I/me ki jagah mat use karo.
Example: I did it myself. He hurt himself.